Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act (B-BBEE Act)
Act 53 of 2003
Provides the empowerment-compliance context often used in public-sector supplier evaluation.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Documents available on tender detail page
Tender Type
Request for Quotation
Delivery Location
65 ntemi piliso - Newtown - Johannesburg - 2000
Organization Type
GOVERNMENT
Published
28 Jul 2026
OCDS Reference
ocds-9t57fa-163729
Date & Time
Tuesday, 04 August 2026 - 16:00
Continue with tenders sharing this issuer, category, or province.
Return to this tender’s issuing organisation, province, or category.
Continue with tenders sharing this issuer, category, or province.
Venue
null
Categories
Request for Quotation
65 ntemi piliso - Newtown - Johannesburg - 2000
Tenders in this industry often require registration with these bodies.
Recommended Certifications
Having these can improve your winning chances: CA(SA) - Chartered Accountant, PMI-PMP (Project Management Professional), Prince2 Practitioner, Six Sigma Certification
AI Document Analysis Stages
Important Dates
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf (RFQ)28 Jul
2026
Tender Published
Tender was published
04 Aug
2026
Closing Date
Tender closing date
These references help suppliers understand the public-procurement framework around this opportunity. They are generated from the tender category, issuing organisation type and procurement context.
These rules commonly apply to South African public-sector procurement.
Act 53 of 2003
Provides the empowerment-compliance context often used in public-sector supplier evaluation.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 108 of 1996 (s217)
This is general procurement context, not legal advice. Always verify requirements in the official tender documents and issuing authority notices.
RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf
Request for Quotation (RFQJW76SC26) by Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd for the updating of as-built building plans for various depots, including compliance with fire, gas, and roof safety regulations, and obtaining necessary Council approvals and Certificates of Occupancy.
To download these documents and access AI-powered analysis, visit the main tender page.
Matched by category & region
Free guidance to prepare before you bid
Not sure if your business is ready for this tender? Check CSD, CIDB, and B-BBEE requirements, run a readiness assessment, and move from opportunity to submission.
Open Supplier Readiness HubLearn how to submit a winning bid with these related articles
Median Estimate
R 349 140
Range
Based on 25 comparable awarded tenders. Companies with similar profiles typically bid near the median.
* Estimates are based on historical data and do not guarantee actual award values.
We refine every tender document through these stages so you can brief your team and prepare your bid with confidence. Anything marked as "in progress" will be upgraded automatically — no action required from you.
{"closingDate":"04 August 2026","closingTime":"16:00PM","briefingSession":"{"date":null,"time":null,"venue":"NOT APPLICABLE","is_compulsory":false}"}
Contact Information
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf (RFQ){"name":"Ms Dineo","email":"[email protected]","phone":"011 688 1815","department":"Name: Silas Choeu Name: Khululeka Mhlongo","address":"VISTA DEPOT"}
Submission Guidelines
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf (RFQ)Returnable Documents: PLEASE SUPPLY THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS TO ENABLE US TO EVALUATE YOUR, 1 Original Valid Tax Clearance COMPULSORY, (Please note that the Sworn, 4 Signed Declaration of Interest COMPULSORY, form (MBD 4), 5 Declaration of Bidders past COMPULSORY, practices (MBD 8), Proposal Determination (MBD 9), 7 Proof of CSD registration /MAAA COMPULSORY, 9 Company registration COMPULSORY, PRICING SCHEDULE – FIRM PRICES
Evaluation Criteria
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf (RFQ)Tenderers must be registered as Professional Architects, Professional Senior Architectural Technologists, or Professional Architectural Technologists and must be registered with the South African Council for the Architectural Profession (SACAP) and be in good standing. Bidders must not be in the service of the state and must not be blacklisted by National Treasury or any National Authority.
Technical Specifications
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf (RFQ)The selected tenderer must update the building plans, ensuring they match the current layout and comply with
SANS 10400 Part T (Fire) and Part A to XA regulations. The selected tenderer will be responsible for obtaining
City of Johannesburg Council approval for the updated plans and Certificate of Occupancy. This should include
assisting with obtaining all Certificates of Compliance and Completion as required for the Occupation Certificate.
Where applicable, update the gas storage cage for the gas lines in accordance with SANS 10087 and Incorporate
the updated gas storage cage into the updated building plans.
Update building plans to include the installation of anchor points on the roof, in compliance with SANS 50795 and
EN 795:2012 standards.
Develop or update comprehensive emergency evacuation plans for the facility in compliance with applicable
regulations and safety standards.
Specifications for Tenderers
The tender should be registered as Professional Architects, Professional Senior Architectural Technologists, or
Professional Architectural Technologists (Submit Proof of Registration)
Be registered with the South African Council for the Architectural Profession (SACAP) and be in good standing
with professional body (Submit Proof of Registration)
The tenderers should allow for appointment of Fire Engineer, Mechanical Engineer and Structural
Engineer - quotations for these services can be submitted as part of the tenderers proposal.
Council Submission Fees should be included as part of the tenderer’s proposal. Any additional fees, such
as requirements for rational designs from engineers or involvement of a town planner for planning
applications, if required, should also be included in the tenderer’s proposal
Specifications for the Building
Glenvista depot
The Depot is comprised of buildings that accommodate offices, standby room & ablutions, Workshop and
sheltered parking lots.
The building roof is a gable roof covered with concrete tiles. The roof consists of skylights.
The building also has air conditioning system.
The co-ordinates of the site are, 26°16'54.41"S, 28° 2'14.75"E and located along Van Beek Avenue in Glenvista
Hursthill depot
The Depot is composed of 2No. of underground reservoir, office block, administration building, ablution facility,
temporal standby building, workshop building, old material storage room, sheltered parking lots and security
guardhouse.
The building’s roofs are shed roof covered with concrete tiles.
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd Registration
Number: 2000/029271/30
City of Johannesburg
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd
Turbine Hall Johannesburg Water PO Tel +27(0) 11 688 1400
65 Ntemi Piliso Street Box 61542 Fax +27(0) 11 688 1528
Newtown Johannesburg Marshalltown 2107
The building also has air conditioning system.
The co-ordinates of the site are, 26°11'31.40"S, 27°59'22.53"Eand located along Ingelby Street at Hursthill.
Scott athol depot
The Depot is composed of office buildings, entertainment area/ boardroom, standby building, workshop building,
artisans & labours changing rooms, sheltered parking lots and security guardhouse.
The building roof is a gable roof covered with concrete tiles and slate roof tiles
The building also has air conditioning system.
The site is in a built-up residential area and nearby Waverley Park and the Depot is situated along Scott Street at
Athol. The co-ordinates of the site are, 26° 8'19.71"S, 28° 4'8.13"E.
Harmberg depot
The Depot is composed of Ladies’ standby single quarters; Office and Workshop; Steel Shed; External Works
(Roads and Parking); Men standby quarters (Water Section); Men standby quarters and Offices (Sewer Section);
Temporary steel structures; and Guardhouse
The building’s roofs are gable roof, roof slab and shed roof covered with concrete tiles and chromadek sheeting.
The building also has air conditioning system.
Hamberg Depot is situated at Cygnet Street, Florida Lake, Roodepoort, under Region F. The site coordinates are
as follows; latitude: 25 58’ 43.31” South and Altitude: 28°07’ 19.19”
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd Registration
Number: 2000/029271/30
City of Johannesburg
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd
Turbine Hall Johannesburg Water PO Tel +27(0) 11 688 1400
65 Ntemi Piliso Street Box 61542 Fax +27(0) 11 688 1528
Newtown Johannesburg Marshalltown 2107
Mandatory requirements:
1.1 Full Completion of the Bill of Quantities (BOQ)/ Specification (where applicable)
1.2 Attendance of compulsory site briefing (where applicable)
1.3 Attachment of datasheet, reference letter, proof of certification, proof of accreditation,
functionality requirements (where applicable)
1.4 No RFQ will be considered from persons in the service of the state
1.5 No Bidder who is blacklisted by National Treasury or any National Authority due to non-
performance will be considered
1.6 All Quotes should be on PDF (MS WORD, MS EXCEL, PICTURES ARE NOT ALLOWED) and
On Company Letterhead
1.7 Submission of a Joint Venture Agreement, where applicable, which has been properly
signed by all parties
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd Registration
Number: 2000/029271/30
City of Johannesburg
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd
Turbine Hall Johannesburg Water PO Tel +27(0) 11 688 1400
65 Ntemi Piliso Street Box 61542 Fax +27(0) 11 688 1528
Newtown Johannesburg Marshalltown 2107
Popia privacy statement
Johannesburg Water SOC Limited
In terms of the Protection of Personal Information Act 213 (Act ), also called the POPI Act or
POPIA, Johannesburg Water SOC Limited, undertakes all reasonable measures to protect personal
information and to keep it private and confidential.
Suppliers, vendors, contractors, service providers, etc whether appointed or prospective.
According to the Act “personal information” means information relating to an identifiable living, natural
person, and where it is applicable, an identifiable, existing juristic person. All addresses including
residential, postal and email addresses.
Johannesburg Water (SOC) Limited, registration number 2000/029271/30
3.1 The information we collect
We collect information directly from you where you provide us with your personal details. Where
possible, we will inform you what information you are required to provide to us and what information is
optional.
3.2 How Johannesburg Water use your information
We will use your personal information only for the purposes for which it was collected and agreed with
you. For example: to gather contact information, to confirm and verify your identity, for the evaluation
and adjudication of bids and quotations for tenders, request for quotations, and other personal
information for the procurement of goods and services by the Entity.
3.3 Disclosure of information
We may disclose your personal information to our Shareholder, the City of Johannesburg, and other
Government agencies such as National Treasury, and the Auditor-General of South Africa. We have
agreements in place to ensure that they comply with the privacy requirements as required by the
Protection of Personal Information Act.
Directors:
Ms Dineo Majavu (Chairperson), Mr Ntshavheni Mukwevho (Managing Director and Executive Director),
Mr Kgaugelo Mahlaba (Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director), Mr Sipho Mthembu, Ms Zandile Meeleso, Mr Pholoso Matjele,
Mr Molate Mashifane, Ms Pamela Mabece, Mr Collen Sambo, Mr Makoko Makgonye, Ms Thabiso Kutumela, Mr Kefiloe Mokoena
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd Registration
Number: 2000/029271/30
City of Johannesburg
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd
Turbine Hall Johannesburg Water PO Tel +27(0) 11 688 1400
65 Ntemi Piliso Street Box 61542 Fax +27(0) 11 688 1528
Newtown Johannesburg Marshalltown 2107
We may also disclose your information:
3.4 Information Security
We are legally obliged to provide adequate protection for the personal information we hold and to stop
unauthorised access and use of personal information. We will, on an ongoing basis, continue to review
our security controls and related processes to ensure that your personal information remains secure.
When we contract with third parties, we impose appropriate security, privacy and confidentiality
obligations on them to ensure that personal information that we remain responsible for is kept secure.
We will ensure that anyone with whom we pass your personal information agrees to treat your
information with the same level of protection as we are obliged to.
3.5 Your rights: Access to Information
You have the right to request a copy of the personal information we hold about you. To do this, simply
contact us at [email protected], and specify what information you require.
3.6 Correction of your personal information
You have the right to ask us to update, correct or delete your personal information. We will require a
copy of your identification document to confirm your identity before making changes to personal
information we may hold about you. We would appreciate it if you would keep your personal information
accurate and up to date.
3.7 How to contact us
If you have any queries about this document; you need further information about our privacy practices;
wish to withdraw consent; exercise preferences or access or correct your personal information, please
contact us at the numbers listed on our website or send an email to [email protected].
Directors:
Ms Dineo Majavu (Chairperson), Mr Ntshavheni Mukwevho (Managing Director and Executive Director),
Mr Kgaugelo Mahlaba (Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director), Mr Sipho Mthembu, Ms Zandile Meeleso, Mr Pholoso Matjele,
Mr Molate Mashifane, Ms Pamela Mabece, Mr Collen Sambo, Mr Makoko Makgonye, Ms Thabiso Kutumela, Mr Kefiloe Mokoena
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd Registration
Number: 2000/029271/30
Consent to process personal information in terms of the protection
Of personal information act, NO. (popia)
The purpose of the Protection of Personal Information Act, no. (POPIA), is to protect personal
information of individuals and businesses and to give effect to their right of privacy as provided for in the
Constitution. By signing this form, you consent to lawful collection, processing, storage and, where
necessary, sharing your personal information by Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd. and consent is
effective immediately and will remain effective until such consent is withdrawn in terms of POPIA.
Subject” with ID Number ................................................. hereby give my consent to Johannesburg
Water SOC Ltd. “herein referred to as the Responsible Party” to collect, process and distribute my
personal information where Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd. is legally required to do so.
accordance with the conditions for the lawful processing of personal information.
used and consent to third parties accessing my personal information and to Johannesburg Water
SOC Ltd. sharing my personal information strictly for reporting purposes.
consent and/or information, Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd. will be unable to assist me.
up to date, not misleading and that it is complete in all respects and that I will notify Johannesburg
Water SOC Ltd. of any changes to my Personal Information should any of these details change.
deleted, if it is inaccurate, irrelevant, excessive, out of date, incomplete, misleading, or obtained
unlawfully or that the personal information or record be destroyed or deleted if the Responsible
Party is no longer authorised to retain it.
Signed at .......................................... this ...................... day of ..............................20......
..............................................................................
Signature of data subject/designated person
................................................ ................................. ...........................
Full Name/Dept of Responsible Party Signature Date
Protection of Personal Information Data Subject Consent Form (External) | 1
FRM-POPI-2: dec2022r1
Data subject consent withdrawal form
In terms of the protection of personal information act, NO. (popia)
Consent
I ................................................. a natural person “herein referred to as the “Data Subject” with
identification number ................................ hereby withdraw my consent to process my
personal information by Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd (Responsible Party). Therefore,
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd. no longer has my consent to process my personal information
for the intended purpose
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
which was previously granted using the DATA SUBJECT CONSENT FORM.
The withdrawal of consent does not affect the lawfulness of the processing activities up to the
date on this form.
Details of Data Subject
Name and surname: ......................................
Identification number: ......................................
Date of Birth: ......................................
Residential address: ......................................
......................................
......................................
Contact number(s): ......................................
E-mail address: ......................................
Relationship to Responsible Party: ......................................
Signed at on this day of 20
Signature of Data Subject
Information Officer/Deputy
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd.
Protection of Personal Information Data Subject Withdrawal Consent Form | 1
FRM-POPI-2: mar2022r1
City of Johannesburg
Johannesburg Water SOC Ltd
Turbine Hall Johannesburg Water Tel +27(0) 11 688 1400
65 Ntemi Piliso Street PO Box 61542 Fax +27(0) 11 688 1528
Newtown Marshalltown
Johannesburg 2107
Administrative requirements
Please supply the following documents to enable us to evaluate your
Experience & Qualifications
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdf“competitor” shall include any individual or organization, other than the bidder, whether or not
affiliated with the bidder, who:
(a) has been requested to submit a bid in response to this bid invitation.
(b) could potentially submit a bid in response to this bid invitation, based on their
qualifications, abilities or experience; and
(c) provides the same goods and services as the bidder and/or is in the same line
of business as the bidder
Pricing Schedule
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdfper B- BBEE Practice Guide
, Non-compliant affidavit
Will be scored zero)
3 Municipal rates and taxes (Must COMPULSORY
not be older than 90 days in
arrears in line with regulation 38.
Johannesburg 2107
Mbd 3.1
Pricing schedule – firm prices
(Purchases)
Note: only firm prices will be accepted. Non-firm prices (including
Prices subject to rates of exchange variations) will not be
Johannesburg 2107
4.4 Does the bidder or any of its directors owe any municipal rates and taxes or municipal Yes No
charges to the municipality / municipal entity, or to any other municipality / municipal entity,
that is in arrears for more than three months?
4.4.1 If so, furnish particulars:
4.5 Was any contract between the bidder and the municipality / municipal entity or any other Yes No
organ of state terminated during the past five years on account of failure to perform on or
comply with the contract?
4.7.1 If so, furnish particulars:
Health & Safety
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdfregulations and safety standards.
sheltered parking lots.
The Depot is composed of 2No. of underground reservoir, office block, administration building, ablution facility,
temporal standby building, workshop building, old material storage room, sheltered parking lots and security
guardhouse.
The building’s roofs are shed roof covered with concrete tiles.
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
artisans & labours changing rooms, sheltered parking lots and security guardhouse.
The Depot is composed of Ladies’ standby single quarters; Office and Workshop; Steel Shed; External Works
(Roads and Parking); Men standby quarters (Water Section); Men standby quarters and Offices (Sewer Section);
Temporary steel structures; and Guardhouse
The building’s roofs are gable roof, roof slab and shed roof covered with concrete tiles and chromadek sheeting.
1.1 Full Completion of the Bill of Quantities (BOQ)/ Specification (where applicable)
1.2 Attendance of compulsory site briefing (where applicable)
1.3 Attachment of datasheet, reference letter, proof of certification, proof of accreditation,
functionality requirements (where applicable)
1.4 No RFQ will be considered from persons in the service of the state
1.5 No Bidder who is blacklisted by National Treasury or any National Authority due to non-
performance will be considered
1.6 All Quotes should be on PDF (MS WORD, MS EXCEL, PICTURES ARE NOT ALLOWED) and
Sum 2.1 Office block - 8.5m(L) x 7.0m (W) 1
Administration building - 18m(L) x 10m(W) Sum
2.2 1
Sum 2.3 Ablution facility -13m(L) x 6m (W) 1
Temporal standby building - 10m(L) x 9m(W) Sum
2.4 1
Sum 2.5 Workshop - 13.0 m(L) x 8.5m(W) 1
Sum 2.6 Material storage - 7.0m (L) x 7.0m (W) 1
Sum 2.7 Sheltered Parking - 35m(L) x 7m(W) 1
Ms Kethabile Mabe (Company Secretary),
3.4 1
The size of the Standby building - 8m(L) x 6m Sum
3.5 1
(W)
The size of the sheltered parking lots - 21m(L) Sum
3.6 1
x 7m (W)
Sum 3.7 Guardhouse - 3.0m(L) x 3.0m(W) 1
Offices and Workshop approximately 275 Sum
4.1 1
square meter
Sum 4.2 Ladies’ standby single quarters - 8m(L) x 8(W) 1
Sum 4.3 Steel Shed - 36m(L) x 18m(W) 1
Men standby quarters (Water Section) -15m(L) Sum
4.4 1
x 10(W)
Men standby quarters and Offices (Sewer Sum
4.5 1
Section) - 40m(L) x 10m(W)
Covered parking - 65m(L) x 6m(W) Sum
4.6 1
Sum 4.7 Temporary steel structures - 38m (L) x 8m(W) 1
Sum 4.8 Guardhouse 1
Contractual Terms
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdfProposal Determination (MBD 9)
Required by: ........................................
At: ........................................
.......................................
Brand and Model ........................................
Country of Origin
........................................
Does the offer comply with the specification(s)? *YES/NO
If not to specification, indicate deviation(s) ........................................
Period required for delivery ........................................
*Delivery: Firm/Not firm
Note: All delivery costs must be included in the bid price for delivery at the prescribed destination.
** “all applicable taxes” includes value- added tax, pay as you earn, income tax, unemployment insurance fund contributions
and skills development levies.
when bids are considered, reasonable steps are taken to prevent any form of bid-rigging.
5 In order to give effect to the above, the attached Certificate of Bid Determination (MBD 9) must
be completed and submitted with the bid:
Section
Source: RFQJW76SC26 - REQUEST FOR QUOTATION FOR VARIOUS DEPOTS AS-BUILT BUILDING PLANS.pdfyou. For example: to gather contact information, to confirm and verify your identity, for the evaluation
functionality requirements (where applicable)
Quotations will be evaluated on the 80/20 point scoring system. 80 points will
Be allocated to price and the remaining 20 points will be allocated for
Specific goals as per PPPFA 2022
a claim form for preference points for specific goals.
1.1 The following preference point systems are applicable to invitations to tender
the 80/20 system for requirements with a Rand value of up to R50 000 000 (all applicable
the 90/10 system for requirements with a Rand value above R50 000 000 (all applicable
a) The applicable preference point system for this tender is the 90/10 preference point system.
b) The applicable preference point system for this tender is the 80/20 preference point system.
c) Either the 90/10 or 80/20 preference point system will be applicable in this tender. The lowest/
1.3 Points for this tender (even in the case of a tender for income-generating contracts) shall be
(b) Specific Goals.
The maximum points for this tender are allocated as follows
Specific goals: 20
Total points for Price and SPECIFIC GOALS 100
to claim points for specific goals with the tender, will be interpreted to mean that preference points
for specific goals are not claimed.
or at any time subsequently, to substantiate any claim in regard to preferences, in any manner
lower the quality of goods and / or services for purchasers who wish to acquire goods and / or services through a bidding process. Bid rigging
Sets the constitutional standard for fair, equitable, transparent, competitive and cost-effective public procurement.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 5 of 2000
Covers preferential procurement and preference-point systems used in public tenders.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 12 of 2004
Supports anti-corruption controls and supplier integrity in procurement processes.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 28 of 2024
Provides the national framework for public procurement across government.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 2 of 2000
Supports access to tender records, award decisions and public-sector procurement information.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Act 3 of 2000
Supports lawful, reasonable and procedurally fair administrative tender decisions.
Relevant because this is a South African public-sector procurement opportunity.
Address
65 ntemi piliso - Newtown - Johannesburg - 2000
Source confidence
High source confidence
Official source
eTenders.gov.za
Documents found
1
Last checked
28 Jul 2026
AI status
Not enhanced
Data conflicts
None detected
This tender has strong source evidence, including source metadata and supporting tender information synced from the government tender portal.
Tenders SA is not the issuing authority. All tenders are automatically synced from the official government tender portal. Always confirm final submission details, closing dates, briefing sessions, eligibility requirements, and documents on the official government portal before applying.
Key Personnel
💡 Want more tendering tips and strategies?
Explore Our BlogGet deep intelligence on Services: Professional. Unlock full pricing strategies, bid frequency, and historical win rates.